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Journal: Multiple Sclerosis Journal; July 10, 2023
Author(s): Itay Lotan, John J Chen, Yael Hacohen, Omar Abdel-Mannan, Sara Mariotto, Saif Huda, Emily Gibbons, Adi Wilf-Yarkoni, Mark A Hellmann, Hadas Stiebel-Kalish, Sean J Pittock, Eoin P Flanagan, Negar Molazadeh, Monique Anderson, Rebecca Salky, Gabriela Romanow, Patrick Schindler, Ankelien Solveig Duchow, Friedemann Paul and Michael Levy
Effectiveness of IVIG treatment for acute attacks in MOGAD
In this retrospective study, case details of 39 MOGAD patients (53.8% female, median age 23 years) who had been treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) were reviewed to assess the therapeutic benefit of IVIG. The results showed that IVIG treatment improved the patients’ disability scores and visual acuity. IVIG may be an effective treatment option for acute MOGAD attacks. Larger-scale clinical trials are needed to validate these results.
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Journal: Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology; September 1, 2022
Author(s): Bart K. Chwalisz and Michael Levy
Acute and long-term treatment of MOGAD
This study reviews previously published studies on acute treatment of MOGAD with corticosteroids and adjunct therapies, such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and plasma exchange; discusses the value of prolonged corticosteroid tapering after acute attacks; and summarizes the long-term therapies available for MOGAD, including chronic low-dose corticosteroids, classic antirheumatic immune suppressants, biologic agents, and IVIG. While acute MOGAD attacks are usually treated with high-dose IV corticosteroids, longer oral corticosteroid tapers may prevent rapid relapse. Multiple long-term treatment strategies are being used for recurrent MOGAD, with IVIG emerging as probably the most effective therapy.
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Journal: Neurology and Therapy; November 13, 2021
Author(s): Dean M. Wingerchuk, Ina Zhang, Adrian Kielhorn, Minying Royston, Michael Levy, Kazuo Fujihara, Ichiro Nakashima, Imran Tanvir, Friedemann Paul, and Sean J. Pittock
Comparison of FDA-approved treatments for NMOSD patients
Many patients with NMOSD produce antibodies against a protein called aquaporin-4 (seropositive patients). This study used prior publications and existing data to compare three drugs (eculizumab, inebilizumab, and satralizumab) that have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of seropositive adult patients. While all three drugs are safe and shown to prevent relapses in clinical trials, this study suggests that eculizumab was the most efficacious in preventing relapses when compared with inebilizumab or satralizumab. These findings may help inform decision-making around NMOSD treatment to prevent relapses in seropositive adult patients.
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Journal: Neurology; July 14, 2015
Author(s): Dean M. Wingerchuk, Brenda Banwell, Jeffrey L. Bennett, Philippe Cabre, William Carroll, Tanuja Chitnis, Jérôme de Seze, Kazuo Fujihara, Benjamin Greenberg, Anu Jacob, Sven Jarius, Marco Lana-Peixoto, Michael Levy, Jack H. Simon, Silvia Tenembaum, Anthony L. Traboulsee, Patrick Waters, Kay E. Wellik and Brian G. Weinshenker
Diagnostic criteria for NMOSD
Patients with NMOSD often go several years without an accurate diagnosis. The International Panel for NMO Diagnosis (IPND) was convened to develop consensus diagnostic criteria for NMOSD. Most NMO patients test positive in a blood test for serum antibodies against a protein called aquaporin-4 (seropositive patients), but some do not (seronegative patients). This landmark paper puts forth the IPND diagnostic criteria, which provide a decision-making framework for diagnosis of both seropositive and seronegative patients.
The criteria include specific clinical features that can be determined on clinical examination; specific brain and spinal cord patterns detectable on an MRI; and specific results in blood tests; and red flags that are not typical in NMOSD (indicating a possible alternative diagnosis). Patients seeking a diagnosis may direct their neurologist to this paper and discuss their own case based on these criteria.
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Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers; October 22, 2020
Author(s): Sven Jarius, Friedemann Paul, Brian G. Weinsheinker, Michael Levy, Ho Jin Kim and Brigitte Wildemann
NMOSD overview
This article provides a snapshot overview of NMOSD, how it develops and manifests, which types of people and populations it is more likely to affect, and how it can be diagnosed and managed.
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