The real-world applicability of the 2023 international myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease criteria in a Latin American cohort
Journal: European Journal of Neurology; September 17, 2024
Author(s): Edgar Carnero Contentti, Claudia Pestchanker, Ethel Ciampi, Sheila Castro Suarez, Cesar Caparo Zamalloa, Vanesa Daccach Marques, Katharina Messias, José Ignacio Gortari, Verónica Tkachuk, Berenice Silva, Carolina Mainella, Saúl Reyes, Jaime Toro, Juan Rodriguez, Edgar Correa-Diaz, Juan I. Rojas, Friedemann Paul
Evaluating the 2023 diagnostic criteria for MOGAD in real-world settings in Latin America
A new set of international diagnostic criteria for MOGAD were published in 2023.
This study looked at how well the 2023 MOGAD diagnostic criteria worked in comparison to the 2018 criteria in patients in Latin America (LATAM). Medical records of 171 patients, mostly women, suspected to have MOGAD across LATAM (Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia) were reviewed. Both 2018 and 2023 criteria for diagnosing MOGAD were applied.
When applying the 2018 criteria, almost all patients were diagnosed with MOGAD, even those who might not actually have MOGAD. In contrast, the 2023 criteria had about 86% sensitivity, meaning most true cases were caught, but more importantly, 100% specificity, meaning that people were not incorrectly diagnosed with it.
The people who did not meet the 2023 criteria either had very low antibody levels or did not have access to antibody testing, and they also lacked other supporting features of the disease.
Even in settings where detailed antibody test results were not always available, the criteria still performed well in routine clinical practice.
These results show that the 2023 MOGAD diagnostic guidelines work well for patients in Latin America, even in real-world settings where detailed antibody testing is not always available.
Related article: Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria
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